| Dicotyledons | ||||||
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| Scientific classification | ||||||
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| Orders | ||||||
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Subclass Asteridae
Asterales (sunflowers) - 1 family Callitrichales - 2 families Calycerales - 1 family Campanulales - 6 families Dipsacales - 4 families Gentianales - 4 families Lamiales - 5 families Plantaginales - 1 family Polemoniales - 1 family Rubiales (madders) - 1 family Scrophulariales - 12 families Solanales - 7 families Subclass Caryophyllidae Caryophyllales - 12 families Plumbaginales - 1 family Polygonales - 1 family Subclass Dilleniidae Batales - 1 family Capparales - 6 families Diapensiales - 1 family Dilleniales - 2 families Ebenales - 5 families Ericales - 7 families Lecythidales - 1 family Malvales - 6 families Nepenthales - 3 families Primulalales - 3 families Salicales - 1 family Theales - 13 families Violales - 21 families Subclass Hamamelidae Casuarinales - 1 family Fagales - 3 families Hamamelidales - 6 families Juglandales - 3 families Leitneriales - 1 family Myricales - 1 family Urticales - 6 families Subclass Hamamelididae Daphniphyllales - no families listed Didymelales - no families listed Eucommiales - 1 family Trochodendrales - 2 families Subclass Magnoliidae Aristolochiales - 1 family Illiciales - 2 families Laurales - 4 families Magnoliales - 14 families Nymphaeales - 4 families Papaverales - 2 families Piperales - 3 families Ranunculales - 7 families Subclass Rosidae Apiales - 2 families Celestrales - 11 families Cornales - 5 families Euphorbiales - 6 families Fabales - 1 family Geraniales - 5 families Haloragales - 4 families Linales - 3 families Myrtales - 12 families Podostemales - 2 families Polygalales - 7 families Proteales - 1 family Rafflesiales - 3 families Rhamnales - 4 families Rhizophorales - 1 family Rosales - 20 families Santalales - 12 families Sapindales - 16 families |
Dicotyledons are flowering plants whose seeds are divided into two seed lobes, or cotyledons, in germinating. These cotyledons may be ephemeral, lasting only days after emergence, or persistent, lasting a year or more. The name dicot is also used for these plants.
Traditionally the dicots are treated as a class, called the Magnoliopsida or Dicotyledoneae. They are now generally believed to be paraphyletic to the monocotyledons, however, and so some newer systems (e.g. Reveal) divide them. Nearly all fall into a monophyletic group called the eudicots, but this does not include the type genus, Magnolia. Thus in systems which separate them out, the name Rosopsida is used for the eudicots and Magnoliopsida for a basal group.
See also: how to distinguish a monocot from a dicot
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Sarraceniales - this order is empty in ITIS; its contents appear to now be included in the Nepenthales. Umbellales - this order is empty in ITIS; most of its contents appear to have been moved to the Apiales.
Families with uncertain placement. These families are not mentioned in ITIS. The names mostly result from modern cladistics. Of course, the plants themselves always existed, and are likely already in the taxa listed above, but with a different name that has not yet been identified. They will be moved when enough information is available. A usable chart of families may be found at [1] (http://www.museums.org.za/bio/plants/angiospermae-classif.htm). Description of most of these families may also be found on the Delta site [2] (http://biodiversity.uno.edu/delta/angio/).